A 1600-year-old church carved into the rock, with painted frescoes from 900.

Used as an example in one of the first dictionary entries for "museum" in 1706.

A less famous, short-lived meeting spot of the Inklings.

Destruction from Armenia's 1988 earthquake inspired an artist's sculptures of scrap metal.

The most visited pilgrimage site in Armenia once held a saint in a pit for 13 years.

This Armenian monastery was carved out of cliffs and named after the spear used to stab Jesus.

A geological oddity topped with a 2,000-year-old pagan temple.

This museum holds the most comprehensive collection of Armenian art in the world.

The first skyscraper to include a Ferris wheel built into the facade.

Small church on top of a huge rock column.

These Stalin-era industrial 'death traps' hang lifeless above the city

Fortified homes of highland warriors that are still in use today.

Ancient rock-hewn town that witnessed key events of Georgian history.

A fountain filled with golden statues, celebrating the the ancient kingdom of Colchis.

The decaying remains of a once-luxurious Soviet spa town.

A lively circle of dancers in the Georgian capital commemorates an ancient rite of spring.

The charmingly disheveled clock tower of Tbilisi's puppet theater.

Take respite inside this jaw-dropping church while climbing the volcano where Georgia's Prometheus was once chained.

Georgia’s answer to Easter Island immortalizes the nation’s great poets, artists, and leaders in stone glory.

This architecturally eclectic fortress witnessed centuries of bloody turmoil, including the massacre of its ruling clan.

A cylinder monument with a spectacular vista commemorates a friendship that some say never existed.

In this historic region, homes and churches are carved into ancient volcanic rock formations.

While not Turkey's deepest underground city, this subterranean redoubt is the largest.

A small etching on the white marble parapet was written in runic script by a Viking mercenary.